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A simple method for evaluating liquefaction potential from shear wave velocity

Lianyang ZHANG,

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第2期页码 178-195 doi: 10.1007/s11709-010-0023-4

摘要： The simplified procedure using shear wave velocity measurements is increasingly used to evaluate the seismic liquefaction potential of soils. This procedure is based on finding the boundary separating the liquefaction and non-liquefaction cases through the analysis of liquefaction case histories, following the general format of the Seed-Idriss simplified procedure based on standard penetration test (SPT) data. It is noted that many assumptions have been made in the simplified procedure. This paper develops a simple method for evaluating the liquefaction potential of soils from shear wave velocity by using the optimum seeking method to directly analyze the liquefaction history data and quantify the influence of major factors affecting the liquefactions potential of soils. The factors considered are the earthquake magnitude, the vertical effective overburden stress, the shear wave velocity, the peak acceleration at the ground surface of the site, and the fines content of the soil. The most important factor has been identified as the shear wave velocity. The developed method uses the measured data directly and in a very simple way. Neither stress-correction of shear wave velocity nor calculation of cyclic shear stress as in the simplified procedure is required. Comparisons indicate that the developed simple method has a higher success rate for evaluating liquefaction potential of soils than the simplified procedure. A case study is presented to illustrate the application of the developed simple method and further confirms its accuracy.

关键词： liquefaction earthquake simple method shear wave velocity case history introduction

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Introduction to the special issue on the 2015 Workshop on History of Mechanism and Machine Science

Marco CECCARELLI

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第11卷第1期页码 1-2 doi: 10.1007/s11465-016-0379-9

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Advanced finite element analysis of a complex deep excavation case history in Shanghai

Yuepeng DONG, Harvey BURD, Guy HOULSBY, Yongmao HOU

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2014年第8卷第1期页码 93-100 doi: 10.1007/s11709-014-0232-3

摘要： The construction of the North Square Shopping Center of the Shanghai South Railway Station is a large scale complex top-down deep excavation project. The excavation is adjacent to several current and newly planned Metro lines, and influenced by a neighboring Exchange Station excavation. The highly irregular geometry of this excavation greatly increases the complexity in 3D Finite Element modeling. The advanced numerical modeling described in this paper includes detailed structural and geotechnical behavior. Important features are considered in the analysis, e.g., 1) the small-strain stiffness of the soil, 2) the construction joints in the diaphragm wall, 3) the shrinkage in the concrete floor slabs and beams, 4) the complex construction sequences, and 5) the shape effect of the deep excavation. The numerical results agree well with the field data, and some valuable conclusions are generated.

关键词： advanced finite element analysis deep excavations case history small-strain stiffness

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Introduction to the special section for ACMFMS 2010

Jinhao QIU

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2011年第6卷第3期页码 271-271 doi: 10.1007/s11465-011-0239-6

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中国优秀博硕士学位论文全文数据库（CDMD）总体介绍

《中国工程科学》 2002年第4卷第8期页码 94-94

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A constrained neural network model for soil liquefaction assessment with global applicability

Yifan ZHANG, Rui WANG, Jian-Min ZHANG, Jianhong ZHANG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第5期页码 1066-1082 doi: 10.1007/s11709-020-0651-2

摘要： A constrained back propagation neural network (C-BPNN) model for standard penetration test based soil liquefaction assessment with global applicability is developed, incorporating existing knowledge for liquefaction triggering mechanism and empirical relationships. For its development and validation, a comprehensive liquefaction data set is compiled, covering more than 600 liquefaction sites from 36 earthquakes in 10 countries over 50 years with 13 complete information entries. The C-BPNN model design procedure for liquefaction assessment is established by considering appropriate constraints, input data selection, and computation and calibration procedures. Existing empirical relationships for overburden correction and fines content adjustment are shown to be able to improve the prediction success rate of the neural network model, and are thus adopted as constraints for the C-BPNN model. The effectiveness of the C-BPNN method is validated using the liquefaction data set and compared with that of several liquefaction assessment methods currently adopted in engineering practice. The C-BPNN liquefaction model is shown to have improved prediction accuracy and high global adaptability.

关键词： soil liquefaction assessment case history dataset constrained neural network model existing knowledge

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Introduction to the special section on the 12

Zhen-Min CHENG

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第1期页码 1-1 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0003-1

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An introduction to the medicinal plant genome project

Shilin Chen, Li Xiang, Xu Guo, Qiushi Li

《医学前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第2期页码 178-184 doi: 10.1007/s11684-011-0131-0

摘要： In recent years, genomics has developed rapidly with the application of next-generation sequencing technology. However, very few studies have been carried out on genomics for medicinal plants. This paper introduces the genome research of medicinal plants, including genome sequencing, assembly, annotation, and functional genomics, to set up the foundation for the development of natural medicines and the selection of cultivars with good agricultural traits. This study places the study on traditional Chinese medicine into the frontier field of life science.

关键词： genomics medicinal plant sequencing application

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Introduction to the special issue on the “IFToMM International Symposium on Robotics and Mechatronics

I-Ming CHEN, Feng GAO

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第7卷第2期页码 99-99 doi: 10.1007/s11465-012-0319-2

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海湾扇贝引种工程及其综合效应

张福绥,何义朝,杨红生

《中国工程科学》 2000年第2卷第2期页码 30-35

摘要：

回顾了海湾扇贝（Argopecten irradians）引种的社会与学术背景、引种、产业化和种质复壮等过程，探讨了引种工程的经济、社会效益及其产生的综合效应。20世纪70年代末，为了缓解我国黄渤海海域养殖业面临滑坡的态势，我们选定并引进了美国的海湾扇贝。在实现人工繁育技术系列化和养殖过程全人工化的基础，世界上第一个海湾扇贝养殖业从此成为我国浅海养殖的支柱产业之一。引种工程在东海和南海也得以拓展且颇见成效。养殖群体的种质复壮，为该产业持续发展奠定了“种质”基础。尚未发现海湾扇贝在中国海形成自然种群，表明该项引种工程不会对本地种的种质和资源造成负影响。其生态环境效应主要体现在因产生大量生物性沉积而导致的自身污染，但与近年的栉孔扇贝大规模死亡并无直接的因果关系。该项引种工程瞄准了国家需求，产生了巨大经济、社会效益，提高了我国贝类研究在国际上的地位。海湾扇贝引种工程意义重大，前景广阔，并将产生持续、深远的综合效应。

关键词：海湾扇贝引种工程

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Introduction to the special issue on food technology

Jian CHEN,

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第4期页码 345-345 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0243-0

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Natural history of HIV infection in former plasma donors in rural China

Min ZHANG, Hong SHANG, Zhe WANG, Wei-Guo CUI, Qing-Hai HU

《医学前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第3期页码 346-350 doi: 10.1007/s11684-010-0102-x

摘要： Patients infected through commercial blood-selling practices (former plasma donors, FPDs) in China represent a unique patient population compared to individuals infected through sexual contact or intravenous drug use. FPDs all have an approximate time of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection during the mid-1990s. Few studies about the natural history of HIV infection in these patients were performed. The current study focuses on characterizing the duration of asymptomatic infection as well as the time to disease and mortality of infected FPDs in China. A retrospective cohort study was conducted based on data collected from 5484 HIV-1 infected FPDs in Shangcai county, Henan province. Kaplan-Meier analysis was applied to estimate the asymptomatic duration from the time of infection to the onset of AIDS as well as the survival period from the onset of AIDS to the time of death. The estimated median asymptomatic phase was about 9.21 years, which is similar to that reported in other developing countries in Africa. The estimated median life span after the onset of symptoms was about 9.91 months, which is notably shorter than life spans reported elsewhere. This is the first large-scale retrospective study on the natural history of HIV infection in FPDs in rural China. The findings not only provide valuable insight into an understudied population, but should also serve as an important reference for patient management and care.

关键词： human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) former plasma donor natural history China

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The biopharmaceutical industry in China: history and future perspectives

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第2期页码 101-111 doi: 10.1007/s11684-012-0191-9

摘要：

Biopharmaceuticals reflect the rapid progress achieved in modern biomedical research. This area has also become one of the main criteria for assessing the development level of biotechnology for a particular country. Although it has been only three decades since the first biopharmaceutical, recombinant human insulin, was licensed by the US Food and Drug Administration, the biopharmaceutical industry has become the fastest growing, most dynamic and technology-intensive sector in the biomedical field. Since the licensing of recombinant human interferon α1b in 1989, the biopharmaceutical industry in China has gone through initial developments and gradually entered a period of rapid growth. This paper provides an overview of the status and development trends of biopharmaceuticals in China, and compares them with those observed in developed countries.

关键词： biopharmaceuticals antibodies market trends diseases China national regulatory agency

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Fuzzy cascade control based on control’s history for superheated temperature

WANG Guangjun, LI Gang, SHEN Shuguang

《能源前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第3期页码 285-289 doi: 10.1007/s11708-007-0040-8

摘要： To address the characteristics of the large delay and uncertainty of superheated temperature, a new cascade control system is presented based on control’s history. Based on the analysis of the control objects’ dynamic characteristics, historical control information (substituting for the deviation change rate) is used as the basis for decision-making of the fuzzy control. Therefore, the changing trend of the controlled variable can be accurately reflected. Furthermore, a proportional component is introduced, the advantages of PID and fuzzy controllers are integrated, and the structure weaknesses of conventional fuzzy controllers are overcome. Simulation shows that this control method can effectively reduce the adverse impact of the delay on control effects and, therefore, exhibit strong adaptability by comparing the superheated temperature control system by this controller with PID and conventional fuzzy controllers.

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A brief history of wheat utilization in China

Minxia LU, Liang CHEN, Jinxiu WANG, Ruiliang LIU, Yang YANG, Meng WEI, Guanghui DONG

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第6卷第3期页码 288-295 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019266

摘要：

Wheat is one of the most important crops in both China and the world, and its domestication can be traced back to ~10000 years ago. However, the history of its origin and utilization in China remains highly ambiguous. Drawing upon the most recent results of taxonomic, genetic, archeological and textual studies focused on the wheat in prehistory, this paper argues that wheat was not domesticated but introduced into China in the late fifth millennium BP. In the subsequent centuries, this exotic crop was quickly utilized as a staple food in northwest China. In contrast, it was not adopted as a staple in Central Plains until the Han Dynasty (202 BCE–220 CE), which was mainly as a consequence of the living environment, population and innovations in food processing technology.

关键词： multidisciplinary evidence prehistoric food globalization wheat consumption wheat domestication